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Question #: 411

Question: WHY SHOULD I BUY THE SPINDLE?

Current Solution

The spindle is quieter and has more consistent torque (It doesn't get "bogged down" when it starts cutting into material). It can be used with collets of varying sizes (not restricted to imperial sizes). It is water cooled and so it does not blow air downward to cool the spindle like the router does. The spindle is also machined with much higher precision than typical routers and will have a much longer life.

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Other Possible Solutions to this Question

  • How should I wire the 2.2kw spindle and vfd?

    You can find the wiring diagram for the 2.2kW spindle and, follow through instructions here.
    https://www.buildyourcnc.com/item/spindle-inverter-2!2kw-spindle-novfd#prettyPhoto/8/

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    wiring diagram at spindle top


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    Can you please provide settings for a 110v 2.2 spindle vfd

    Additional Information:
    Can you please provide settings for a 110v 2.2 spindle vfd

    Click the link to add information to this solution:
    How should I wire the 2.2kw spindle and vfd?

  • Why should I use a spindle rather than a router?

    The spindle is quieter and has more consistent torque (It doesn't get "bogged down" when it starts cutting into material). It can be used with collets of varying sizes (not restricted to imperial sizes). It is water cooled and so it does not blow air downward to cool the spindle like the router does. The spindle is also machined with much higher precision than typical routers and will have a much longer life.

    Click the link to add information to this solution:
    Why should I use a spindle rather than a router?

  • What kind of wire should I use between the invertor and the spindle?

    The type of wire that should be used between the spindle and the VFD (Variable Frequency Driver also called the inverter) should be of stranded type and we use between 18 and 16 AWG.

    The total current is divided among the three coil wires, therefor a wire gauge of 16 should be sufficient.

    Currently we use 20AWG 4 conductor.

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    Click the link to add information to this solution:
    What kind of wire should I use between the invertor and the spindle?

  • [77] What circuit breaker should I use for this spindle?

    The 2.2kW spindle has a power rating of 2.2kW or 2200 watts.

    If the VFD AC voltage input is rated for 220 volts, then 2200 watts / 220 volts is 10 amps, so a 15 or 20 amp breaker will work.

    If the VFD AC voltage input is rated for 110 volts, then 2200 watts / 110 volts is 20 amps, so a 25 or 30 amp breaker will work.

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    Click the link to add information to this solution:
    [77] What circuit breaker should I use for this spindle?

  • [78] What size circuit breaker should I use for this spindle?

    The 2.2kW spindle has a power rating of 2.2kW or 2200 watts.

    If the VFD AC voltage input is rated for 220 volts, then 2200 watts / 220 volts is 10 amps, so a 15 or 20 amp breaker will work.

    If the VFD AC voltage input is rated for 110 volts, then 2200 watts / 110 volts is 20 amps, so a 25 or 30 amp breaker will work.

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    Click the link to add information to this solution:
    [78] What size circuit breaker should I use for this spindle?

  • What Should I buy to complete the basic laser kit

    The laser components needed for a typical CO2 laser cutter and engraver are as follows:

    - The laser tube and laser tube power supply. We currently have 40W and 80W choices. The laser power supply must be pred with the laser tube (40W power supply with 40W laser tube, for instance)
    -- 40W CO2 Laser Tube: https://www.buildyourcnc.com/item/Laser-Component-Laser-Tube-CO2-40Watt
    -- 40W CO2 Laser Tube Power Supply: https://www.buildyourcnc.com/item/Laser-Component-Power-Supply-CO2-40W
    -- 80W CO2 Laser Tube: https://www.buildyourcnc.com/item/Laser-Component-Laser-Tube-CO2-80Watt
    -- 80W CO2 Laser Tube Power Supply: https://www.buildyourcnc.com/item/Laser-Component-Power-Supply-CO2-80W

    - The optics for bouncing the laser energy around the machine:
    -- Mirror Mount (select the 25mm for easier alignment): https://www.buildyourcnc.com/item/Laser-Component-Mirror-Mount-20mm
    -- Mirror (make sure to select the correct size that matches the mirror mount): https://www.buildyourcnc.com/item/Laser-component-20mm-mirror-25mm
    -- Nozzle (which also houses another mirror, and houses the final focal lens): https://www.buildyourcnc.com/item/Laser-Component-Nozzle-20mm-lens-mirror: https://www.buildyourcnc.com/item/Laser-Component-Nozzle-20mm-lens-mirror

    - The laser controller that controls the laser cutter and engraver. This part provides a contorl panel, computer interface and drives the motion electronics: https://www.buildyourcnc.com/item/Laser-Component-Laser-Control-System

    - Safety Eyewear Tinted: https://www.buildyourcnc.com/item/laser-components-goggles-safety-tinted
    - Safety Eyewear Honeywell: https://www.buildyourcnc.com/item/laser-components-goggles-safety-honeywell

    The motion electronics that move the mirrors and nozzle: This selection will depend on the size of machine you will design (the selection below will provide a good medium range):

    - Motors/Drivers (one for each axis in most cases):
    -- 425 oz-in torque motor: https://www.buildyourcnc.com/item/electronicsAndMotors-nema24-425ozin
    -- 3.0 Amp Driver: https://www.buildyourcnc.com/item/electronicsAndMotors-stepper-driver-3!0a

    Typically, 2 motors and 2 drivers are needed for a 2 axis laser system (oves the x and y axes).

    Power supply for the motors and drivers (8.8 Amps and 36 V output): https://www.buildyourcnc.com/item/electronicsAndMotors-power-supply-24v-36v

    Click the link to add information to this solution:
    What Should I buy to complete the basic laser kit

  • How should I control a plasma torch, spindle and a laser on my CNC machine?

    It will depend on how you configure the machine to use the Laser and plasma. Is the laser on a separate gantry? That will determine the way you will connect the laser control system or if you use a typical CNC controller. The plasma will need inputs of THC on, THC up, THC down and outputs to trigger the plasma torch. I recommend the Pokeys57CNC for the plasma and you can also fire the laser with it, but you will not be able to do engraving with the laser unless you use a laser controller. If you use a laser controller, you will need to either build circuitry to switch the digital signals from which controller you will be using, or if you have the laser on a separate gantry, you can use a traditional laser controller connected to the stepper motor drivers on that gantry.

    Users response:
    I was planing on using same gantry, and installing plasma and laser module on z axis along the side with current router. Perhaps if it’s needed installing another z axis on current z axis. So that when I use plasma, router z will be homed and plasma z axis will be able to utilize thc.

    When you say “If you use a laser controller, you will need to either build circuitry to switch the digital signals from which controller you will be using,”
    If i install laser controller, pokeys and router motion card, do you mean all ( axis and router/laser/plasma) signals or just the one that controls router/laser/plasma?
    I was wondering if I could jump (parallel connect) axis signals from card to card without ?
    Also do you prefer ethernet card or usb?
    I really do appreciate your help :) thanx again.

    Buildyourcnc response:
    Not a problem at all.

    Remember that with all of that weight on the z-axis, you will not be able to do efficient raster style engraving.

    By putting the laser on another gantry, say at the far end of the table, then you would be able to use a laser controller that controls its own stepper motors and the nozzle can have fast swing motion for engraving. With the laser on the z-axis of the spindle (like see on the greenBull), you will only be able to do vector motions for the laser.

    You can also have a CNC interface and laser controller controlling the same stepper motor drivers, but you will need a few tri-state buffer chips where you can use a toggle switch for which controller has control of the drivers.

    Click the link to add information to this solution:
    How should I control a plasma torch, spindle and a laser on my CNC machine?

  • How should I configure the 110v vfd with 2.2kw spindle? When I use the configuration on the spindle page, I get an over-current error (e.oc.a).

    Please use these settings for our 110V VFD's:

    Change PD001 to '0' or '1' (source of run commands/one will be computer controlled)
    Change PD003 to 300 (main frequency - Hz)
    Change PD004 to 300 (base frequency - Hz)
    Change PD005 to 400 (max operating frequency - Hz)
    Change PD006 to 2.5 (intermediate frequency - Hz)
    Change PD008 to 110 (max voltage - V)
    Change PD009 to 15 (intermediate voltage - V)
    Change PD010 to 8 (minimum voltage - V)
    Change PD011 to 100 (frequency lower limit - Hz)
    Change PD142 to 7 (rated motor current - Amps)
    Change PD143 to 2 (motor pole number)
    Change PD144 to 3000 (rated motor revolution)
    For further info please refer to (https://www.buildyourcnc.com/item/spindle-inverter-2!2kw-spindle-novfd#prettyPhoto/9/) for wiring and other specifications.
    Please check you wiring to be correct as the illustrated photo on the diagram.

    Additional Information:
    PD003 should be set to the base operating freq. stamped on your motor/spindle typically 400hz

    Click the link to add information to this solution:
    How should I configure the 110v vfd with 2.2kw spindle? When I use the configuration on the spindle page, I get an over-current error (e.oc.a).

  • HOW TO CONNECT THE SPINDLE INVERTER?

    U - Pin1
    V - Pin2
    W - Pin3
    Pin4 Dead

    Additional Information:
    My home made cnc is a big problem with my NC connection. When in start my spindle it will be gone wrong. It will be limith switch problem anytime. Need help thanks.

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    Click the link to add information to this solution:
    HOW TO CONNECT THE SPINDLE INVERTER?

  • HOW DO YOU HOOK UP THE VFD TO SPINDLE?

    U - Pin1
    V - Pin2
    W - Pin3
    Pin4 Dead

    Additional Information:
    My home made cnc is a big problem with my NC connection. When in start my spindle it will be gone wrong. It will be limith switch problem anytime. Need help thanks.

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    Click the link to add information to this solution:
    HOW DO YOU HOOK UP THE VFD TO SPINDLE?

  • HOW DO YOU SETUP THE SPINDLE INVERTER?

    Change PD001 Source of Run Commands to '1'
    Change PD005 Max operating frequency to 400hz
    Change PD004 base frequency to 400hz
    Change PD003 Main frequency to 400hz
    Change PD006 Intermediate frequency to 2.5
    Change PD008 max voltage to 220v
    Change PD009 Intermediate voltage to 15v
    Change PD010 Min voltage to 8
    Change PD011 frequency lower limit to >100hz (120hz to start)
    Change PD142 7 Amps
    Change PD143 2
    Change PD144 3000

    Note: PD001 had to be changed back to 0 to allow for keypad control.
    Note2: I had to reverse U and V to get the spindle to go forward in FWD. (reverse any two wires, u&v or w&v for example)

    Additional Information:

    Click the link to add information to this solution:
    HOW DO YOU SETUP THE SPINDLE INVERTER?

  • What power supply do you recommend for the spindle and limit switches if I buy the USB Mach3 breakout board?

    Any of the following power supplies will be fine for powering the Mach3 USB controller:
    https://www.buildyourcnc.com/item/24v

    however, the limit switches do not need high current, so the following power supply is sufficient for the task of connecting limit switches:
    https://www.buildyourcnc.com/item/electronicsAndMotors-power-supply-24v-1a-dc

    Click the link to add information to this solution:
    What power supply do you recommend for the spindle and limit switches if I buy the USB Mach3 breakout board?

  • HOW DO YOU SETUP THE SPINDLE INVERTER VFD?

    Change PD001 Source of Run Commands to '1'
    Change PD005 Max operating frequency to 400hz
    Change PD004 base frequency to 400hz
    Change PD003 Main frequency to 400hz
    Change PD006 Intermediate frequency to 2.5
    Change PD008 max voltage to 220v
    Change PD009 Intermediate voltage to 15v
    Change PD010 Min voltage to 8
    Change PD011 frequency lower limit to >100hz (120hz to start)
    Change PD142 7 Amps
    Change PD143 2
    Change PD144 3000

    Note: PD001 had to be changed back to 0 to allow for keypad control.
    Note2: I had to reverse U and V to get the spindle to go forward in FWD. (reverse any two wires, u&v or w&v for example)

    Additional Information:

    Click the link to add information to this solution:
    HOW DO YOU SETUP THE SPINDLE INVERTER VFD?

  • HOW DO YOU HOOK UP THE SPINDLE TO INVERTER?

    U - Pin1
    V - Pin2
    W - Pin3
    Pin4 Dead

    Additional Information:
    My home made cnc is a big problem with my NC connection. When in start my spindle it will be gone wrong. It will be limith switch problem anytime. Need help thanks.

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    Click the link to add information to this solution:
    HOW DO YOU HOOK UP THE SPINDLE TO INVERTER?

  • LENGTH OF THE BRUSH STRIP FOR SPINDLE 2.2KW

    The total length of the brush strip for a 2.2kW spindle would be 17 1/4" inches.

    Additional Information:
    20

    Click the link to add information to this solution:
    LENGTH OF THE BRUSH STRIP FOR SPINDLE 2.2KW

  • DOES THE SPINDLE RUN ON A 50HZ POWER SOURCE?

    The spindle inverter (VFD) will run on a 220V (or between 170V-250V) power source with either 50Hz or 60Hz.

    Click the link to add information to this solution:
    DOES THE SPINDLE RUN ON A 50HZ POWER SOURCE?

  • How should I wire the E-stop button? NC or NO?

    I would recommend wiring the E-Stop to an input terminal via an NC connection. This is the industry standard. It requires a NC (Normally connected) circuit for the machine to be operational, and when the circuit breaks, the machine shuts off. This is better than having a circuit NO (normally open), open circuit that requires a circuit to be created to have the machine shut off for safety.

    Having en E-Stop run through the mains line would only work for a single circuit (or use multiple E-stops, which defeats the purpose). The E-stop connected to the input terminal would shut off all machine functions.

    Additional Information:
    100% agree. When we have our automatic fire suppression systems wired in, we always do them NC (Normally Connected/Normally Closed). You can see more at www.reactonfire.com/what-we-protect/cnc-fire-suppression/ If you're doing a fire system (ours or others) be sure to shut down the machine and mist collectors)

    Additional Information:
    100% agree. When we have our automatic fire suppression systems wired in, we always do them NC (Normally Connected/Normally Closed). You can see more at www.reactonfire.com/what-we-protect/cnc-fire-suppression/ If you're doing a fire system (ours or others) be sure to shut down the machine and mist collectors)

    Click the link to add information to this solution:
    How should I wire the E-stop button? NC or NO?

  • How should I connect the E-stop to the machine?

    I would recommend wiring the E-Stop to an input terminal via an NC connection. This is the industry standard. It requires a NC (Normally connected) circuit for the machine to be operational, and when the circuit breaks, the machine shuts off. This is better than having a circuit NO (normally open), open circuit that requires a circuit to be created to have the machine shut off for safety.

    Having en E-Stop run through the mains line would only work for a single circuit (or use multiple E-stops, which defeats the purpose). The E-stop connected to the input terminal would shut off all machine functions.

    Click the link to add information to this solution:
    How should I connect the E-stop to the machine?

  • Which spindle should I use for PVC and Trespa (Hardwood)? Max diameter of cutter = 16mm Max thickness plate = 20mm

    Either material, PVC or Trespa can be milled using our standard 2.2kW spindle.

    https://buildyourcnc.com/item/spindle-inverter-2!2kw-spindle-vfd

    Click the link to add information to this solution:
    Which spindle should I use for PVC and Trespa (Hardwood)? Max diameter of cutter = 16mm Max thickness plate = 20mm

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